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The two "fathers" the Theory of Evolution

British and half scientific world prepare to celebrate on 12 February Darwin Day to celebrate the 200 th anniversary of his birth in few months, will meet November 24 also 150 years of publication (and outright sale) of the first edition of " Origin of Species." However there is na or celebration that went on tiptoe the past year, specifically on July 1, 2008 was 150 years in the Linnean Society of London presented, along with other works, three manuscripts, two them signed by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace another set which was named " On the tendency of species to form varieties, and on the perpetuation of varieties and species by natural selection ." Although the work represented a real revolution change in the conception of species, not raised any controversy at that time, what documents they spoke?.

Darwin had traveled the world aboard the HMS Beagle ship between 1831 and 1836 to collect information on living in South America and Oceania. Of all the naturalist observations received three core ideas:

• In an environment with limited food resources of individuals struggling to survive.
• emerge victorious from this struggle which has better caracaterísticas, which are probably inherited.
• If this selection natural is durable over time can cause changes in populations and lead to new species.

Darwin recorded his findings in a paper, not published, in 1844. Have been considered several explanations for the failure to publish their ideas, such as fear to tell the world about their findings or the love of his wife, Emma, \u200b\u200bwho was very religious. Some authors suggest that he believed were not yet mature their ideas and also had to publish much more information in their journey.

Meanwhile another Englishman, Alfred Russell Wallace, 14 years younger than Darwin, self-taught and poor family, unlike the previous one, had spent from 1848 to 1852 of the Amazon trip, along with naturalist Henry Bates . In 1854 he traveled to Southeast Asia studying and collecting especímeres he sent to London for sale. Your stay in this area of \u200b\u200bthe World obtained the knowledge that made him the father of Biogeography . His remarks put clear how each species lived in a particular place, sometimes to be the case that sometimes the species inhabited a bank of a river and not the other, which left no intrigue. Given the huge variety of specimens collected in their travels, many chose each species, Wallace was observed and within each species there were variations, both anatomical and physiological. Also studying the survival of individuals came to the conclusion that they had only survived the best features to live in their environment.

In March 1858 Wallace wrote an article entitled " On the Tendency of Varieties to depart indefinitely from the original type " setting out their ideas for the transformation of species through natural selection, and sent it from the Malay Archipelago to Darwin for review and subsequent publication by the famous geologist Charles Lyell .

This letter was a huge surprise to Darwin, who saw embodied in the letter that came from the other side of the world very similar conclusions to yours, yet, yet having reached these same ideas years before had not published . His friends Lyell and the botanist Joseph D. Hooker, informed of this fact decided to present Wallace's letter to the Linnean Society together with a summary of the work of Darwin in 1844 and a letter to an American friend in 1857 setting forth his ideas. This presentation did not have permission to Wallace but later would be very flattered by it. The following year, Darwin published his book. Wallace was a great advocate of it and a renowned Darwinist.

The end of Wallace was not as epic as that of Darwin, buried with honors in Westminster Abbey since his return to England did not manage their assets properly, Darwin was even seek help and a special pension, and apart from devoted to other tasks less related to Science, including spiritualism.

For these reasons, although both theories have some differences, it is fair to remember Wallace as co-discoverer of the Theory of Evolution