The Allies hoped to take a region of the Ottoman Empire called the Dardanelles. The attack failed with heavy loss of life. Most successful operation was led by British officer TE Lawrence, who organized an Arab revolt against Ottoman rule. As a result, the Allies were able to capture several major cities in southwest Asia. Japan captured German colonies in China and the Pacific Ocean. The Allies also captured three of the four German colonies in Africa. The British used their powerful naval forces to block all supplies to Germany. The Germans responded by increasing its submarine attacks on ships bringing food and supplies to the Allies. It was an unrestricted submarine warfare. This meant sink without warning any vessel in waters around Britain. When U.S. ships sunk and lives lost, the American people are angry. Then the British intercepted a secret message from Germany to Mexico. The message called on Mexico to be allied to Germany. In return, he offered help to recover land lost in war with the United States in 1840. In April 1917, the U.S. Congress declared war on Germany.
1917, the war had killed millions. Drastically changed the lives of millions of others: both the general population and soldiers. Called the Great War was a war. He demanded all the resources of countries at war. The government took control of factories. Determined what to produce and in what quantity. Moreover, governments imposed rationing. This limited the amount of food and other products. Thus, the hosts could have the necessary supplies. Governments used propaganda to support the war. Also took measures to curb dissent, ie, opposition to the war. With so many men in the army, women played important roles in the economies of countries at war. They worked in factories, offices and shops. Built aircraft and tanks, grew food and made clothing. These changes had an impact on attitudes about the type of work they could do for women.
In 1917, the United States entered the war and left Russia. The Tsar lost popular support because of the suffering experienced by the war. In March, abdicated. The new government wanted to continue the war but the army refused. A few months later, revolution broke out. The Communists took power. They quickly signed a treaty with Germany and gave large tracts of land for peace. In March 1918, Germany launched a final attack. Again rose to near Paris. But the soldiers were tired and supplies were scarce. Allies-now-fresh American troops drove the Germans. Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire surrendered. In October, a revolution overthrew the Austro-Hungarian emperor. In November, Kaiser Wilhelm II had to abdicate. The new government signed an armistice, an agreement to stop the war. On 11 November 1918, Europe finally reached peace.
VOCABULARY:
unrestricted submarine warfare Using submarines to sink any ship without warning
unrestricted submarine warfare to sink submarines and Stock Using ship
Without Warning war war in which countries use their resources to
war total war War Countries in Which Their use all resources for the war rationing
Control of quantity and kind of rationing products
Control of the Amounts and kinds of goods people
propaganda Can Have Information part designed to convince
One-sided propaganda Information Design to persuade
armistice agreement to stop fighting
Armistice Agreement to stop fighting
TASK, TASK: answer two questions in English and two English question:
1. What regions outside Europe were affected by war?
2. Name three ways the war affected everyday life.
3. What were the final problems faced Germany and Austro-Hungary?
4. Describe the escalation of World War I.
5. Identify how wartime governments ESTABLISHED Economies.
6. Summarize how the Allies pushed to victory.
5. Identify how wartime governments ESTABLISHED Economies.
6. Summarize how the Allies pushed to victory.
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